Turbine-engine.



No'. 801,586. PATENTED OCT. 10, 1905.

L. HAOHENBERG. TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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No. 801,586. PATENTED 0GT.10,1905. L. HAGHENBBRG.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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PATENTED OCT. 10, 1905.

L. HAOHENBERG.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. @Rimmmw J7 1- 1 EESEES' D 7 No. 801,586. PATENTED OOT.10, 1905. L. HAGHBNBERG.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.B, 1904.

4 SHEETSSHBET 4.

h an 7 ,& J I 58 UNITED STATES LOUIS HAcHENBEee OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TURBINE-ENGINE- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 10, 1905.

Application filed November 8, 1904. Serial No. 231,863.

10 n!!- Ill/0071b it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, Louis HAcnENenRe, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Bronx, in the city and State of New York, have invented a new and use ful Turbine-Engine, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a turbine-engine in which the best results may be obtained with a predetermined supply of motive fluid.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents the engine in end elevation. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section through the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section through the base, the end plates, and the outer ring of the engine, showing the interior parts in side elel vation. Fig. l is a vertical transverse section taken in the plane of the line A A of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section taken i Fig. i

in the plane of the line B B of Fig. 2. 6 is a detail horizontal section through the inlet-valve and adjacent portion of the engine. Fig. T is a detail end view of one of the split cone-bearing rings of the engine-shaft; and Fig. n represents in top plan and vertical section a portion of the inner ring, showing the shape of one of the fluid-pressure ports.

The engine-shaft 1 extends through central lugs 2 3 of end plates i 5, supported by a base 6. These lugs have tapered bores 7,

within which are seated my improved split 1 tapered bearing-rings 8. The lugs are provided with longitudinally-arranged grooves 9, in which are located teats 10, depending from the bearing-rings S for holding the rings with their separated ends uppermost. Oil-cups 11 are arranged to feed oil to the shaft 1 between the ends of the split bearing-rings. The shaft 1 is provided with taper-faced packing-rings 12 13, located in the bases of the tapered bores T. The rings 8 may be forced inwardly to take up wear by means of screw-threaded adjusting-nuts 14:. of the packing-rings 12 and 18 on the shaft 1 forms ducts 15 for feeding oil to the part of the shaft between the said rings. The end plates at and 5 are spaced apart by an outer ring, the lower half-section of which is shown herein as forming an integral part of the base,

and the upper section of which (denoted by 16) is permanently secured to the lower section and to the said end plates. An inner ring 17 17* has its ends engaged with the in ner faces of the end plates 4: and 5, which ring is provided with a central annular flange The space between the ends 18, the periphery of which engages the inner l face of the outer ring. This inner ring is formed in two half-sections, and the longil tudina-l flanges 19 20 of the sections are bolted 1' together and have their ends in engagement with the inner faces of the outer ring. The annular flange l8 and the longitudinal flanges j 19 and 20 divide the space between the inner and outer rings into a primary motive-fluidsupply chamber 21, a primary exhaust-chamber 22, a secondary motive-fluid-supply chamber 23, and a secondary exhaust-chamber 24. The primary exhaust-chamber 22 is connected through the flanges 19 and 20 to the secondary l motive-fluid-supply chamber 23, the diagonal l connecting-port being denoted by 25. A double rotary piston is located in the chamber formed by the end plates and inner ring, which piston, in the present instance, for ease in assembling the parts comprises two disks 2b 27, secured together, the peripheries of which engage the inner walls of the inner ring, which disks are provided with outwardly-extended hubs 28 29, keyed to the shaft 1. These piston-hubs 28 29 are located in hollow chambers formed by providing the end plates i and 5 with inwarally-extended annular flanges 3O 31.

The piston provided with one or more annular series of wings in the primary pistonl chamber formed between the disk portion of the piston and the end plate 4:, and the piston is provided with one or more annular series of wings in the secondary piston-chamber formed between the disk portion of the piston I and the end plate 5. In the present instance the disk portion of the piston is so located with respect to the end plates d and 5 that the primary piston-chamber is of less width than the secondary piston-chamber. In the present instance 1 have shown two annular l series of piston-wings 32 33 spaced apart in g the primary piston-chamber and two annular series of piston-wings 3% 35 spaced apart in the secondary piston-chamber. These pistonwings are of such form as to produce a plurality of curved ports. An annular series of stationary wings 36 is interposed between the l piston-wings 32 33, and another annular series of stationary wings 37 is located inside of the 1 annular series of piston-wings The ports formed by the annular series of stationary wings 36 37 are preferably larger in area at their inlet ends than their discharge ends and are of curved form, opposite to the curved form of the ports between the piston- IIC wings, thereby forming a plurality of nozzles for directing the motive fluid against the pis ton-wings.

The inner series of stationary wings is spaced from the annular flange of the end plate 4, thus forming an unimpeded inner annular chamber. A partition 38 leads from the said flange 30 to the inner series of stationary wings for positively directing the motive fluid to the lower section of stationary wings.

The upper portion 17 of the inner ring is provided with a plurality of diagonal ports 39 therethrough, leading from the primary motive-fluid-supply chamber 21 into the primary piston-chamber in position to engage the outer annular series of piston-wings 32. The lower section 17" of the inrier ring is provided with elongated ports 40, leading from the primary piston-chamber to the primary exhaust-chamber 22. These fluid-inlet ports 39 are rectangular in cross-section as Well as leading diagonally through the wall of the inner ring and are spread laterally, so as to direct the motive fluid in the most advantageous manner to strike the outer series of piston-wings along their full width. The form of these ports is clearly shown in Fig. 8.

The secondary piston-chamber is provided with an annular series of stationary wings 41 interposed between the series of piston-wings 34 and 35 and an annular series of stationary wings 41* inside the annular series of pistonwings 35. The ports formed between these stationary wings are also curved and of greater area at their inlet ends than their discharge ends, so as to direct the motive fluid to the adjacent series of piston-wings with the greatest advantage. The inner ring 17 is provided with a plurality of curved ports 42 through its walls, arranged to direct the motive fluid from the secondary motive-fluid chamber 23 into contact with the series of piston-wings 34. A partition 42* leads from the annular flange 31 of the end plate 5 to the annular series of stationary wings 41* for dividing the central portion of the piston-chamber in such a way as to direct the motive fluid to the lower section of stationary wings. The lower portion 17* of the inner ring is provided with ports 42 leading from the periphery of the outer series of piston-wings 34 into the secondary exhaust-chamber 24. A main exhaust-pipe 43 leads from the secondary exhaust-chamber 24, and an auxiliary exhaustpipe 44 leads from the bottom of the primary exhaust-chamber 22 to the main exhaust-pipe 43. A cook 45 is placed in this auxiliary exhaust-pipe 44 for opening and closing communication therethrough at pleasure.

A longitudinally-sliding valve 45 is located in the primary motive-fluid chamber, which valve is curved to fit the periphery of the inner ring. This valve is provided with a plurality of alternating long and short cutoffs 47 48, so arranged that when the valve is at the limit of its movement in one direction all of the ports 39 will be open and when moved toward the limit of its movement in the other direction every alternate port 39 will first be closed and finally all of the ports will be closed. The means which I have shown for operating this valve comprises a stud-shaft 49, provided with an operatinghandle 50 exterior to the end plate 4 and having a rack-and-pinion engagement 51 52 with the valve in the chamber 21. Motive-fluidinlet ports 53 54 lead from a double valve 55 to the primary and secondary chambers 21 23.

The main fluid-inlet pipe is denoted by 56, and it communicates with ports 57 58, leading to the inlet ports 53 54, respectively. Valves 59 60 are arranged to open and close communication between the main inlet 56 and the primary and secondary chambers 21 23.

In order to eliminate friction from side thrust and to confine the pressure of the motive fluid to the parts being operated upon as the fluid passes from the periphery to the center and outwardly again to the periphery of the cylinder, I provide ring-plates as follows: The annular series of piston-wings 32 33 and 34 35 are provided with ring-plates 61 62 63 64, which are secured around the ends of the said wings. The stationary wings 36 37 41 41* are also provided around their ends with ring-plates 65 66 67 68. The in ner ring-plates of the stationary wings extend inwardly to the flanges 3O 31 and are secured thereto. These plates therefore form sides for the central spaces of the pistonchambers adjacent to the piston-disk.

In operation when it is desired to start the engine the cook 45 in the auxiliary exhaust 44 may be opened and the valves 59 and 60 may be opened. Fluid-pressure may then be admitted directly to the primary and secondary chambers 21 23. The fluid will first pass inwardly to the center of the said chambers and from thence outwardly to the primary and secondary exhaust-chambers 22 24. From these chambers the motive fluid may be permitted to escape through themain exhaustpipe 43 and auxiliary exhaust-pipe 44. After the engine has been started the valve 60 may be closed, thus shutting off fluid-supply from the main inlet to the secondary motivefluid-supply chamber 23. The cook 45 in the auxiliary exhaust-pipe 44 is also closed. The motive fluid will then be caused to first enter the chamber 21 and from thence pass inwardly to the center of the primary piston-chamber and outwardly to the primary exhaust-chamber. From this primary exhaust-chamber the fluid will pass to the secondary motivefluid chamber. It will then pass inwardly to the center of the secondary piston-chamber and outwardly to the secondary exhaust-chamber. From thence it will pass out through the exhaust-pipe 43.

It will be seen that when the turbine is used in connection with steam as the motive fluid any water which may accumulate in the primary exhaust-chamber through condensation of the steam may be forced out at any time through the auxiliary exhaustpipe M by opening the cock -15, the pressure of steam within the said primary exhaust-chamber being sufficient to rapidly clear the chamber of such accumulation of water.

The speed of the shaft 1 may be accurately governed by the manipulation of the slidevalve l6, which may be moved to open and close the ports 39 to the desired extent.

'hile l have shown herein only two sets of coacting piston and stationary wings, it is to be understood that a greater number may be employed, if so desired, each having its own motive-fluid supply and exhaust chambers.

\Vhat I claim is 1. In a turbine-engine, a cylinder comprising end plates, inner and outer rings, partitions dividing the annular space between the rings into a plurality of motive-fluid supply and exhaust chambers and a piston dividing the space formed by the inner ring and end plates into a plurality of piston-chambers.

2. in a turbine-engine, a cylinder comprising end plates, inner and outer rings, an an nular partition and longitudinal partitions dividing the space between the rings into primary and secondary motive-fluid supply and exhaust chambers, the primary exhaustchamber being in open COll'lHlLlIlitLtlOll with the secondary supply-chamber.

I). in a turbine-engine, a cylinder comprising end plates, inner and outer rings and partitions dividing theannular space between the inner and outer rings into a plurality of motive-tluid supply and exhaust chambers, inlets for the simply-chambers and valves for controlling the admission of the motive fluid to one or both of the supply-chambers at pleasure.

4:. in a turbine-engine. a cylinder comprising end plates, inner and outer rings and partitions dividing the annular space between the rings into a plurality of motive-fluid supply and exhaust chambers, an outlet leading from each of the exhaust-chainbers and a valve for opening and closing one of the outlets at pleasure.

In a turbine-engine, a cylinder comprising end plates, inner and outer rings and partitions dividing the annular space between the rings into a plurality of motive-liuid supply and exhaust chambers,an inlet for each supplychamber, an outlet for each exhaust-chamber and valves for controlling the admission of motive fluid to one or both of the supplychambers and cut off the outlet from one of the exhaust-chambers at pleasure.

6. In a turbine-engine, a cylinder comprising end plates, inner and outer rings and partitions dividing the space between the rings into motive-fluid supply and exhaust cham' bers, an annular series of stationary wings carried by an end plate, a rotary piston having an annular series of wings arranged to coact with the stationary wings and ports leading through the inner ring from the pistonchamber to the supply and exhaust chambers and a stationary partition in the central space of the said piston-chamber.

T.' In a turbine-engine, a cylinder comprising end plates, inner and outer rings and partitions dividing the space between the rings into a plurality of motive-fluid supply and exhaust chan'lbers, annular series of stationary wings carried by the end plates, a rotary disk piston having an annular series of wings on each face arranged to coact with the stationary wings on the end plates, ports leading through the inner ring from the piston-chambers to the supply and exhaust chambers and stationary partitions in the central spaces of the said piston-chambers.

8. In a turbine-engine, a cylinder divided into a plurality of motive-fluid supply, piston and exhaust chambers, a piston mounted to rotate in said 1)iston-ehambers, coacting series of piston-wings and stationary wings and means for directing the motive fluid from the supply-chamhers inwardly to the centers of the piston-chambers and thence outwardly to the exhaust-chambers in engagement with the said piston and stationary wings.

9. in a turbine-engine, a cylinder divided into a plurality of motive-fluid supply, piston and exhaust chambers, a rotary piston having annular series of wings in the piston-chambers, annular series of stationary wings ar ranged to coact therewith, means for directing the motive fluid from the supply-chambers inwardly to the centers of the pistonchambers and thence outwardly to the exhaust-chambers, in engagement with the piston and stationary wings and means for leading the motive fluid from one exhaust-chamber to a succeeding supply-chamber.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my inventionl have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 5th day of November. 1904:.

LOUIS IIAUHENBERG.

\Vitnesses:

Fr: no x. Ham us, l'lIGNRY 'lumun. 

